Identidad étnica y aculturación en población hispanoamericana y afroamericana en Estados Unidos: un análisis bibliométrico
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https://doi.org/10.33595/2226-1478.17.1572Palavras-chave:
análisis bibliométrico, psicología intercultural, sociología de la migración, integración social, asimilación culturalResumo
La literatura sobre la intersección entre aculturación e identidad étnica se ha fundamentado predominantemente en enfoques inductivos y casuísticos, lo que ha generado un vacío en la sistematización de sus determinantes estructurales a nivel macro. Ante esta limitación, el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la implicancia del fenómeno de aculturación en la identidad étnica, centrando la evidencia empírica en las dinámicas de las comunidades hispanoamericanas y afroamericanas en los Estados Unidos. Para ello, se implementó una metodología bibliométrica evaluando datos primarios extraídos de la base de datos Scopus mediante los descriptores “ethnic identity” y “acculturation”. Los resultados indicaron un crecimiento anual del 3.72% correspondiente estrictamente a la producción científica sobre la temática, un índice de colaboración de 4.15 coautores por documento y una antigüedad promedio de 9.29 años por manuscrito. Por consiguiente, el análisis de clústeres determinó la consolidación de cuatro campos temáticos: factores culturales para estilos de vida saludables, diferencias étnicas intergrupales, comportamiento prosocial adolescente e identificación social de la comunidad afroamericana. Se concluye que la aculturación opera como eje transversal de covariación psicosocial, revelando trayectorias identitarias diferenciadas entre minorías que demandan políticas institucionales focalizadas y futuras investigaciones con diseños mixtos.
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